全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS

——2022年3月8日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上

Delivered at the Fifth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress on March 8, 2022

全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长 栗战书

Li Zhanshu

Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress

（来源：英文巴士）

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

现在，我受全国人民代表大会常务委员会委托，向大会报告工作，请予审议。

On behalf of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress (NPC), I now present this report on its work for your deliberation.

过去一年的工作

The Year in Review

2021年是党和国家历史上具有里程碑意义的一年。我们党隆重庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年，胜利召开党的十九届六中全会，总结党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验，制定党的第三个历史决议；如期打赢脱贫攻坚战，正式宣布全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标，开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军新征程。以习近平同志为核心的党中央，以伟大的历史主动精神、巨大的政治勇气、强烈的责任担当，沉着应对百年变局和世纪疫情，推动党和国家各项事业取得了新的重大成就，进一步彰显了党中央的坚强领导，彰显了党领导14亿多中国人民凝聚起来的磅礴力量，彰显了中国特色社会主义制度的巨大优越性，激励我们以更加昂扬的姿态奋进新征程、建功新时代！

The year 2021 was a milestone in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and our country. The Party celebrated the 100th anniversary of its founding and convened the sixth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee, at which the Party’s major achievements and historical experience over the past century were reviewed and its third historical resolution was adopted. Having won the critical battle against poverty on schedule, the Party officially declared success in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieving the First Centenary Goal, and it embarked on the new journey to build China into a modern socialist nation in all respects and achieve the Second Centenary Goal. With great historical initiative, tremendous political courage, and a strong sense of responsibility, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core responded calmly to changes and a pandemic of a magnitude not seen in a century and achieved new major progress in advancing all areas of the Party and country’s endeavors. This further demonstrated the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, the boundless might amassed by more than 1.4 billion Chinese people under the Party’s leadership, and the great strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it fills us with greater confidence and resolve as we forge ahead on the new journey and make greater contributions in the new era.

2021年在人民代表大会制度历史上也具有特殊重要意义。党中央首次召开人大工作会议，习近平总书记发表重要讲话，深刻回答了新时代发展中国特色社会主义民主政治、坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的一系列重大理论和实践问题，深刻揭示了人民代表大会制度是中国共产党百年奋斗的重大制度成果，系统论述了全过程人民民主这一重大理念，明确提出了加强和改进人大工作的指导思想、重大原则和主要任务。党中央印发关于新时代坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、加强和改进人大工作的意见。党中央的重大部署和习近平总书记的重要讲话，为我们做好新时代人大工作指明了前进方向、提供了根本遵循。

2021 was also a year of particular importance in the history of the people’s congress system. The Party Central Committee held the first-ever Central People’s Congress Work Conference, where General Secretary Xi Jinping gave an important speech, providing profound answers to a number of major theoretical and practical issues concerning the development of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics and the preservation and improvement of the people’s congress system in the new era. He described the system of people’s congresses as one of the Party’s major institutional achievements of the past century, offered a systematic explanation of the important concept of whole-process people’s democracy, and put forward the guiding thought, major principles, and main tasks for enhancing and improving the work of people’s congresses. The Party Central Committee then issued the Guidelines on Upholding and Improving the People’s Congress System and Enhancing and Improving the Work of People’s Congresses in the New Era. The Party Central Committee’s major plans and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech pointed the way forward and provided us with fundamental guidance for carrying out the work of people’s congresses in the new era.

一年来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国人大常委会紧跟党中央重大决策部署，紧贴人民群众对美好生活的期盼，紧扣推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的需求，在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上，依法履职，担当尽责，主要做了以下工作。

Over the past year, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the NPC Standing Committee remained closely aligned with the Party Central Committee’s major decisions and plans, the people’s aspirations for a better life, and the need to modernize China’s system and capacity for governance. We performed our duties in accordance with the law and fulfilled our responsibilities as we embarked on a new journey to develop China into a modern socialist nation in all respects. Our main work of the past year was as follows.

一、进一步完善宪法相关法，维护宪法的最高法律地位、权威和效力

First, we further improved laws relating to the Constitution and safeguarded its supreme legal status, authority, and force.

宪法承载着我们党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验，承载着14亿多中国人民共圆民族复兴的伟大梦想。推动全面贯彻实施宪法，是常委会的法定职责和光荣使命。

The Constitution carries within it our Party’s major achievements and historical experience from the past century, and it bears the great dream of over 1.4 billion Chinese people to realize national rejuvenation. For the Standing Committee, ensuring the full implementation of the Constitution is both a legal duty and an honorable mission.

贯彻实施宪法，需要宪法相关法不断完善和发展。制定监察官法，加强党对监察工作的领导，深化国家监察体制改革，建设高素质专业化监察官队伍。修改中国人民解放军选举全国人大和县级以上地方各级人大代表的办法，健全完善军队人大代表选举制度。起草并审议关于第十四届全国人民代表大会代表名额和选举问题的决定草案。启动修改全国人大常委会议事规则，完善全国人大常委会会议制度和工作程序，修正草案已经常委会初次审议。起草并两次审议地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法修正草案，提请本次大会审议，经过全体代表的共同努力，一定能够把这部法律修改好，为地方人大和政府更好履职尽责提供法律支撑。

The implementation of the Constitution demands continuous improvement and development of relevant laws. We enacted the Supervisory Officers Law in order to strengthen Party leadership over supervisory work, advance the reform of the national supervision system, and train high-caliber, professional supervisory officers. To improve the system for electing deputies from the armed forces to people’s congresses, we revised the Measures for Election of Deputies from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army to the NPC and Local People’s Congresses at or above the County Level. We formulated and deliberated a draft decision on the number of deputies to the 14th NPC and on issues related to their election. We began revising the NPC Standing Committee Rules of Procedure in order to improve its meeting system and working procedures. The draft amendments have passed our first review. We drafted and conducted two rounds of deliberation on amendments to the Organic Law of Local People’s Congresses at All Levels and Local People’s Governments at All Levels, which have been submitted to this session for further deliberation. The joint efforts of all present deputies will ensure the successful revision of this law, which will provide legal support for local people’s congresses and governments to better perform their duties.

以宪法和特别行政区基本法为基础，健全特别行政区宪制秩序和法治秩序，更好落实中央全面管治权和特别行政区高度自治权。根据十三届全国人大四次会议的相关决定，行使全国人大授予的立法职权，修订香港基本法附件一和附件二，完善香港特别行政区行政长官的产生办法、香港特别行政区立法会的产生办法和表决程序。这两个附件的修订，全面贯彻爱国者治港原则，通过重构并赋权香港特别行政区选举委员会、建立健全有关候选人资格审查制度等，形成一套符合香港法律地位和实际情况的民主选举制度。新选举制度使爱国者治港稳稳落地，从政治上、制度上根本性地推动香港形成以宪法和基本法为基础、真正落实“一国两制”的良政善治，迎来了支持和保障香港长期繁荣稳定并融入国家发展大局的全新局面。起草并审议香港、澳门特别行政区选举第十四届全国人民代表大会代表的两个办法草案，提请本次大会审议。

We strengthened constitutional order and the rule of law in the special administrative regions based on China’s constitution and their basic laws to better ensure that the central government exercises overall jurisdiction there and that the two regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy. In accordance with the relevant decision adopted at the fourth session of the 13th NPC, we exercised the legislative power conferred by the NPC to revise and improve Annex I and Annex II to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), respectively titled Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the HKSAR and Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the HKSAR and Its Voting Procedures, imbuing them with the principle that Hong Kong should be administered by patriots. By restructuring the HKSAR Election Committee and empowering it with new functions, and by establishing a sound system for reviewing the qualifications of election candidates, we saw the formation of a democratic electoral system suited to Hong Kong’s legal status and realities. The new electoral system ensures that Hong Kong is administered by patriots. It provides fundamental political and institutional safeguards for good governance of Hong Kong that is based on China’s constitution and the HKSAR Basic Law and that ensures genuine implementation of the policy of One Country, Two Systems. And it has initiated a new phase of our support for long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and for Hong Kong’s integration into China’s overall development. We formulated and deliberated two draft methods for the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions to elect deputies to the 14th NPC, which have been submitted to this session for deliberation.

宪法规定，全国人大常委会行使解释宪法、监督宪法实施的职权。在人口与计划生育法、审计法等法律修改过程中进行合宪性审查研究，阐释宪法制度的内涵和精神，积极回应社会关切。依法主动审查行政法规16件、监察法规1件、地方性法规1467件、自治条例和单行条例87件、经济特区法规40件、司法解释251件、香港特别行政区法律42件、澳门特别行政区法律17件；研究处理公民、组织提出的审查建议6339件；审查研究有关部门移送的141件审查工作建议；集中清理长江保护、行政处罚、人口与计划生育等3个方面的法规、规章、规范性文件，有重点地开展专项审查，共推动制定机关修改、废止法规和司法解释1069件。专题调研设区的市地方立法工作。推动设区的市、自治州人大常委会普遍建立听取审议备案审查工作报告制度，支持部分省（区、市）建设法规规章规范性文件数据库。为了更好监督宪法法律实施，制定备案审查衔接联动的工作规定，修订备案审查工作规程，成立备案审查专家委员会，按照“有件必备、有备必审、有错必纠”的原则，纠正违宪违法行为，维护国家法治统一。

As stipulated in the Constitution, we exercised our authority to interpret the Constitution and oversee its implementation. We reviewed and studied issues of constitutionality in the process of revising the Population and Family Planning Law, the Audit Law, and other laws, explained the substance and spirit of the constitutional system, and actively responded to public concerns. Over the last year, in accordance with the law, we took the initiative to review16 administrative regulations, 1 supervisory regulation, 1,467 local regulations, 87 autonomous regulations and separate regulations, 40 special economic zone regulations, 251 judicial interpretations, 42 laws of the HKSAR, and 17 laws of the Macao Special Administrative Region. We studied and processed 6,339 recommendations for review from citizens and organizations, and we reviewed and studied 141 recommendations for review referred to us by relevant departments. We overhauled regulations, rules, and other regulatory documents concerning Yangtze River protection, administrative penalties, and population and family planning, and we conducted targeted reviews in priority areas. In total, we pushed relevant enacting bodies and organs of justice to amend or overturn 1,069 regulations and judicial interpretations. We carried out research projects on local legislation in cities with subsidiary districts. We encouraged the standing committees of local people’s congresses in cities with subsidiary districts and in autonomous prefectures to set up systems for hearing and deliberating reports on the work of recording and review. We supported certain provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government to build databases for their regulations, rules, and other regulatory documents. In order to conduct more effective oversight of the implementation of the Constitution and the law, we formulated rules for coordinating recording and review work, revised relevant working procedures, and established a committee of relevant experts. In accordance with the principle that all documents that are subject to recording be put on record, that all recorded documents be reviewed, and that all errors identified be corrected, we rectified constitutional and statutory violations and maintained the uniformity of China’s legal system.

深入开展宪法宣传教育。落实宪法宣誓制度，组织5次宪法宣誓仪式，22名常委会任命或决定任命人员进行宣誓，增强国家工作人员的宪法意识、宪法理念。以“全面贯彻实施宪法、发展全过程人民民主”为主题，举行第八个国家宪法日座谈会，推动全社会深刻认识我国宪法的鲜明特征、本质属性和巨大功效。

We continued to promote public awareness and education about the Constitution. We implemented a system of pledging allegiance to the Constitution and organized five oath of office ceremonies for 22 officials who were appointed or whose nominations were approved by the Standing Committee, thus raising awareness among public servants of the Constitution and the principles set forth therein. We held a symposium for the eighth National Constitution Day with the theme of ensuring full implementation of the Constitution and developing whole-process people’s democracy, in an effort to boost society-wide understanding of the characteristics, essence, and efficacy of China’s Constitution.

二、围绕党和国家工作大局加快立法修法步伐，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供法律保障

Second, prioritizing the overall work of the Party and the country, we moved faster to formulate and revise laws to provide legal safeguards for building a modern socialist nation in all respects.

全面建设社会主义现代化国家的任务艰巨繁重，各领域立法需求多、要求高。常委会坚持科学立法、民主立法、依法立法，在确保质量的前提下加快立法工作步伐。

To accomplish the challenging mission of building China into a modern socialist nation in all respects, many different areas require high-standard legislation. Adhering to the principle of sound, democratic, and law-based legislation, and maintaining quality standards, the Standing Committee picked up the pace of its legislative work.

立足新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局，以高质量立法服务高质量发展，这是人大围绕中心、服务大局的重要体现。制定乡村振兴促进法，修改种子法，起草并初次审议畜牧法修订草案，健全乡村振兴的制度措施和体制机制，加大种业知识产权保护力度。修订科学技术进步法，突出科技创新的战略地位，完善国家创新体系，推动实现科技自立自强。初次审议反垄断法修正草案，起草并两次审议期货和衍生品法草案，支持和引导资本健康发展。起草并初次审议公司法修订草案，实质性新增和修改约70条。制定印花税法，适当简并税目、降低税率，至此，现行18个税种中已有12个制定了法律。两次审议并通过审计法修正草案，强化审计监督手段，依法构建审计监督体系。配合“证照分离”改革、优化营商环境，修改道路交通安全法、消防法、进出口商品检验法、广告法、草原法、民用航空法、海关法、食品安全法。按照全面深化改革、推进高水平对外开放要求，制定海南自由贸易港法，作出关于授权国务院在自由贸易试验区暂时调整适用有关法律规定、在营商环境创新试点城市暂时调整适用计量法有关规定、在部分地区开展房地产税改革试点工作和授权上海市人大及其常委会制定浦东新区法规等4个决定，确保国家发展、重大改革于法有据。

Standing grounded in the new development stage, applying the new development philosophy, creating a new pattern of development, and promoting high-quality development through high-quality legislation: these are the ways in which the NPC focuses on the central task of economic development and serves the overall interests of the country. We formulated the Rural Revitalization Promotion Law, revised the Seed Law, and drafted and conducted an initial review of revisions to the Animal Husbandry Law to improve the systems, measures, and mechanisms for rural revitalization and to strengthen intellectual property protection in the seed industry. We revised the Scientific and Technological Progress Law to elevate the strategic importance of scientific and technological innovation, improve the national innovation system, and build up self-reliance in science and technology. To support and guide the healthy development of capital, we conducted an initial review of draft amendments to the Anti-Monopoly Law, and we drafted a law on futures and derivatives and reviewed it twice. We drafted and conducted a first review of revisions to the Company Law, making substantive additions of and revisions to about 70 articles. We formulated the Stamp Tax Law, appropriately simplifying the list of taxable items and cutting rates. This means we have now formulated laws on 12 out of the current 18 tax categories. We passed draft amendments to the Audit Law after two reviews, strengthening methods for audit oversight and establishing an audit oversight system in accordance with the law. In coordination with the reform for separating operating permits from business licenses and the effort to improve the business environment, we revised the Road Traffic Safety Law, the Fire Prevention and Control Law, the Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law, the Advertising Law, the Grassland Law, the Civil Aviation Law, the Customs Law, and the Food Safety Law. In line with the requirements to deepen reform across the board and pursue high-standard opening up, we formulated the Hainan Free Trade Port Law. We also made four decisions which provided a legal basis for national development and major reforms: authorizing the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of certain laws in pilot free trade zones; authorizing the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of certain provisions of the Metrology Law in pilot cities for business environment innovation; authorizing the State Council to launch reform trials for property tax in certain regions; and authorizing the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress and its standing committee to formulate regulations for Pudong New Area.

法律是国家安全的制度基石。贯彻总体国家安全观，加快构建国家安全领域法律制度体系，是本届常委会立法工作的一项重要内容。制定数据安全法，提升国家数据安全保障能力。起草并审议通过陆地国界法，依法规范陆地国界的划定、勘定、防卫、管理和建设等活动。修订海上交通安全法。制定反外国制裁法，健全完善反制裁、反干涉、反制“长臂管辖”的法律制度。根据这部法律，任何国家以任何借口、任何方式干涉中国内政，损害我国国家、组织和个人利益的行为，我国都有权采取相应反制措施，坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益，坚决保护我国公民、组织的合法权益。贯彻习近平强军思想，制定军人地位和权益保障法，修订兵役法、军事设施保护法，作出关于深化国防动员体制改革期间暂时调整适用相关法律规定、中国人民解放军现役士兵衔级制度等两个决定，以法律制度保障强军目标的实现。

The law is the institutional bedrock upon which national security is built. Adopting a holistic approach to national security and accelerating the establishment of a legal system supporting national security constitute an important part of the legislative work of the Standing Committee of the 13th NPC. We formulated the Data Security Law to enhance China’s capacity to ensure data security. We drafted, reviewed, and adopted the Land Border Law to regulate the demarcation, surveying, defense, management, and development of land borders in accordance with the law. We revised the Maritime Traffic Safety Law. We formulated the Law on Countering Foreign Sanctions to improve the legal system for opposing foreign sanctions, interference, and long-arm jurisdiction. According to this law, in order to resolutely defend China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests and resolutely safeguard the lawful rights and interests of its citizens and organizations, China has the right to take proportional countermeasures in response to any country’s acts of any form or under any pretense that interfere in China’s internal affairs or harm its national interests or the interests of its citizens and organizations. To implement Xi Jinping’s thinking on strengthening the armed forces, we formulated the Law on the Protection of the Status, Rights, and Interests of Servicepersons, revised the Military Service Law and the Military Facilities Protection Law, and made a decision on temporarily adjusting the application of certain laws during the reform of the national defense mobilization system and a decision on the rank system for active-duty enlisted service members in the People’s Liberation Army. We thus used the legal system to ensure that targets for military development are met.

加快生态文明领域的立法，为自然资源和生态环境保护划定法治红线。制定湿地保护法，强化湿地保护和修复，维护生物多样性。针对噪声污染涉及面广、社会反映强烈的问题，制定噪声污染防治法，维护人民生活环境和谐安宁。召开黄河保护立法座谈会，坚持共同抓好大保护、协同推进大治理，提前介入、加快立法进程，黄河保护法草案已进行初次审议。经过深入调研论证，拟订黑土地保护法草案并进行初次审议，用法律手段保护黑土地这一“耕地中的大熊猫”。指导云贵川三省开展赤水河流域保护共同立法、河北省开展白洋淀保护立法，推动流域综合治理、系统治理、依法治理。

We accelerated legislation on ecological conservation, setting a legal red line for protecting natural resources and the environment. We formulated the Wetlands Protection Law to strengthen wetland protection and restoration and to protect biodiversity. Targeting the issue of noise pollution, which was widespread and of great public concern, we formulated the Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Law to create a more peaceful and harmonious environment for the people. We held a symposium on legislation for the protection of the Yellow River. While remaining committed to the principle of concerted protection and coordinated remediation, we got involved early and accelerated the legislation process, which has resulted in a draft Yellow River protection law already having undergone an initial review. After in-depth research and discussions, we drew up and conducted a first review of a draft law on black soil conservation in an effort to provide legal protection for this precious resource. We guided the provincial people’s congresses of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan in jointly launching legislation on conservation of the Chishui River basin, and we guided the Hebei Provincial People’s Congress to do the same for Lake Baiyangdian, with the aim of promoting comprehensive, systematic, and law-based conservation.

回应人民对美好生活的向往，加快补齐民生保障法律短板。推进强化公共卫生法治保障立法修法工作，制定医师法，初次审议突发事件应对管理法草案。落实立德树人根本任务，修改教育法，制定家庭教育促进法，两次审议职业教育法修订草案，推动提高教育现代化水平，促进未成年人全面健康成长。制定个人信息保护法，起草并初次审议反电信网络诈骗法草案，回应人民群众反映强烈的电信网络诈骗问题，维护公民在网络空间的合法权益。起草并初次审议妇女权益保障法修订草案，对妇女权益保障中的突出问题深入调研，在预防性保障、侵害处置、救济措施、责任追究等方面完善相关规定。制定反食品浪费法、法律援助法，修改人口与计划生育法、安全生产法、工会法，初次审议农产品质量安全法修订草案，起草并初次审议体育法修订草案。

We acted swiftly to fill gaps in legislation on public wellbeing in order to realize the people’s aspirations for a better life. We advanced our work on the enactment and revision of laws to provide stronger legal safeguards for public health. We formulated the Physicians Law and conducted an initial review of a draft law on emergency response and management. Addressing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education, we revised the Education Law, formulated the Family Education Promotion Law, and conducted two reviews of draft revisions to the Vocational Education Law to drive modernization in the education sector and to promote the well-rounded, healthy growth of minors. We formulated the Personal Information Protection Law and drafted and conducted an initial review of a law on telecom and online fraud to safeguard citizens’ lawful rights and interests online and to address telecom and online fraud, which has become an issue of great public concern. We drafted and conducted an initial review of revisions to the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests, carried out in-depth research into pronounced issues concerning the protection of women’s rights and interests, and improved relevant provisions in areas such as preventive protection, handling of infringements, assistance measures, and accountability. We formulated the Law on Food Waste and the Legal Aid Law, revised the Population and Family Planning Law, the Workplace Safety Law, and the Trade Union Law, conducted a first review of draft revisions to the Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law, and drafted and conducted an initial review of revisions to the Physical Culture and Sports Law.

完善刑事、诉讼法律制度，确认司法体制改革成果。坚持预防治理与打击惩治并重，制定反有组织犯罪法，推动依法开展常态化、机制化扫黑除恶。在常委会授权开展的试点工作期满之际，全面总结改革经验，修改民事诉讼法，确认民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革成果，完善司法确认程序、小额诉讼程序、简易程序，提高司法效率，促进司法公正。作出关于授权最高人民法院组织开展四级法院审级职能定位改革试点工作的决定。作出关于设立成渝金融法院的决定，推动营造良好金融法治环境。

We improved criminal and procedural laws and affirmed achievements in reform of the judicial system. Putting equal emphasis on prevention and punishment, we formulated the Anti-Organized Crime Law and promoted regular, institutionalized, and lawful action to fight organized crime and root out criminal gangs. When the reform trials we had authorized for improving civil litigation procedures were about to expire, we performed a comprehensive review and then revised the Civil Procedure Law accordingly to consolidate reform achievements. This led to the improvement of the judicial confirmation process, small claims litigation procedures, and simplified procedures and enhanced judicial efficiency and impartiality. We made a decision to authorize the Supreme People’s Court to launch reform trials for defining the respective adjudicative functions of the four levels of courts. We made a decision on establishing the Chengdu-Chongqing Financial Court to foster a law-based, healthy financial environment.

一年来，制定法律17件，修改法律22件，作出有关法律问题和重大问题的决定10件，正在审议的法律案19件，决定批准双边条约和加入国际公约6件，与时俱进完善中国特色社会主义法律体系，及时反映新时代党和国家事业发展新要求，及时把党的主张通过法定程序转化为国家意志和人民共同行动。

Over the past year, we formulated 17 laws, revised 22 laws, and made 10 decisions on legal issues and major issues, and we are currently reviewing 19 legislative proposals. We ratified 6 bilateral treaties and international conventions. With these timely efforts, we improved China’s socialist legal system in step with the times, we responded to the new development requirements of the Party and the country in the new era, and we translated the Party’s propositions into the will of the state and the collective action of the people.

三、强化监督力度和实效，监督“一府一委两院”依法履职，保障党中央重大决策部署贯彻落实

Third, we exercised more stringent and effective oversight of the lawful performance of the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate to ensure the full implementation of the Party Central Committee’s major decisions and plans.

人民代表大会制度的重要原则和制度设计的基本要求，就是任何国家机关及其工作人员的权力都要受到监督和制约。常委会认真履行宪法法律赋予的监督职责，统筹运用法定监督方式，推动解决制约经济社会发展的突出矛盾和问题，确保法律法规得到有效实施，确保各国家机关都在宪法法律范围内履行职责、开展工作，确保行政权、监察权、审判权、检察权依法正确行使。坚持正确监督、有效监督、依法监督，听取、审议31个报告，检查6部法律实施情况，进行2次专题询问，开展7项专题调研，作出1项决议。

An important principle of the people’s congress system and a basic requirement of its institutional design is that the power of all state organs and their staff must be subject to oversight and constraints. Last year, we diligently performed our constitutionally and legally prescribed oversight duties and employed various statutory oversight methods to help solve prominent issues impeding China’s economic and social development. Our oversight ensured that laws and regulations were effectively implemented, that all state organs performed their duties and carried out their work within the scope prescribed by the Constitution and the law, and that administrative, supervisory, adjudicatory, and procuratorial powers were properly exercised in accordance with the law. Committed to exercising appropriate, effective, and law-based oversight, we heard and deliberated 31 reports, carried out inspections on the implementation of 6 laws, conducted 2 special inquiries, launched 7 research projects, and adopted 1 resolution.

全国人大专门委员会、常委会工作委员会是开展监督工作的具体组织者和实施者。围绕常委会确定的监督项目特别是12个专项工作报告和7项专题调研，专门委员会、工作委员会认真履行法定职责，充分发挥职能作用，推动了党和国家重大战略、重大任务、重大工作的贯彻落实。在经济领域，常委会听取审议关于国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况的报告，定期分析经济形势，跟踪监督经济运行情况，确保大会批准的计划全面贯彻落实。听取审议关于加快构建新型农业经营体系、推动小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接情况的报告，听取审议关于建设现代综合交通运输体系有关工作情况的报告并开展专题询问。围绕加强种质资源保护和育种创新情况、发挥海外侨胞在共建“一带一路”中的重要作用进行专题调研。在生态环保领域，听取审议关于2020年度环境状况和环保目标完成情况、研究处理土壤污染防治法执法检查报告及审议意见情况的报告，关于长江流域生态环保工作、雄安新区和白洋淀生态保护工作等报告，专题调研以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设情况。在社会事业领域，听取审议关于教师队伍建设和教师法实施情况、文物工作和文物保护法实施情况的报告，专题调研促进人口较少民族经济社会发展情况。开展民族法治建设研究，持续推进依法治理民族事务。

The NPC special committees and the Standing Committee working bodies are responsible for the organization and execution of specific oversight work. Last year, they performed their legal duties and fully played their roles in carrying out oversight projects determined by the Standing Committee, most notably including 12 work reports and 7 research projects. Their work facilitated the implementation of the major strategies, tasks, and initiatives of the Party and the country. Regarding the economy, we heard and deliberated a report on the implementation of the 2021 plan for national economic and social development adopted by the fourth session of the 13th NPC, provided regular analysis of economic trends, and monitored the state of the economy, so that the plan could come to full fruition. We heard and deliberated a report on accelerating the development of a new system for agricultural operations and on encouraging small rural households to become involved in modern agriculture. We heard and deliberated a report on building a modern comprehensive transportation system and launched a relevant inquiry. We conducted research into strengthening germplasm resource conservation and innovation in plant breeding and into leveraging the key role of overseas Chinese in the joint pursuit of the Belt and Road Initiative. Regarding ecological conservation and environmental protection, we heard and deliberated the State Council’s report on the state of the environment in 2020, progress on environmental protection targets for the year, and its handling of our inspection report and relevant recommendations on the implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution. We heard and deliberated reports on environmental protection in the Yangtze River basin and on ecological conservation in Xiongan New Area and at Lake Baiyangdian. We also conducted research on the development of the national park-based nature reserve system.Regarding social affairs, we heard and deliberated reports on teacher training and the implementation of the Teachers Law and on preservation of cultural heritage and implementation of the Cultural Relics Protection Law. We launched a research project on efforts to promote economic and social development for ethnic groups with smaller populations. We conducted studies on strengthening the rule of law in ethnic affairs and continued advancing law-based administration of ethnic affairs.

认真贯彻落实积极财政政策、减税降费举措、支持科技创新、“过紧日子”等要求，做好预算决算审查监督。听取审议关于2020年中央决算报告，审查批准中央决算，突出绩效导向，扩大重点项目绩效评价范围，涉及金额达到1.7万亿元。听取审议关于预算执行情况的报告，跟踪监督2.8万亿元中央财政直达资金下达和使用情况。听取审议关于2020年度中央预算执行和其他财政收支的审计工作的报告、审计查出问题整改情况的报告。跟踪监督政策执行，监督政府有关部门查处解决违规返还税收收入、政府盲目举债、侵占挪用生态环保资金等问题，保障财税政策落实见效。推进预算联网监督系统建设，初步实现横向跨部门、纵向跨层级的工作协同和数据共享。推进预算工委基层联系点建设。

In our examination and oversight of budgets and final accounts, we worked diligently to ensure compliance with the requirements to implement proactive fiscal policy, cut taxes and fees, support technological innovation, and practice fiscal frugality. We heard and deliberated a report on the central final accounts for 2020, which we approved after reviewing. In this process, we put more emphasis on performance and expanded the scope of performance-based evaluations of key programs, involving funds totaling 1.7 trillion yuan. We heard and deliberated a report on budget execution, and we exercised follow-up oversight of the direct provision and use of 2.8 trillion yuan in central government funds. We heard and deliberated an audit report on central budget execution and other fiscal revenues and expenditures for 2020 and a report on the rectification of problems discovered through that audit. In monitoring the execution of fiscal and tax policies to ensure their effective implementation, we oversaw relevant government departments’ investigations into and handling of issues like irregularities in tax rebates, indiscriminate government borrowing, and misappropriation of environmental protection funds. With further progress in developing an online budget oversight system, we achieved preliminary success in coordinating work and sharing data between different departments at different levels. We also made headway in establishing local liaison offices for our Budgetary Affairs Commission.

开展预算审查监督重点拓展改革和国有资产管理情况监督，是本届以来党中央赋予人大的新职责新要求。听取审议关于财政交通运输资金分配和使用情况的报告，开展财政补贴管理与改革情况专题调研，推动科技创新、环境保护、社会保障、卫生健康、乡村振兴等支持政策落地，确保财政支出重点支持和保障党中央重大决策部署的贯彻落实。连续4年审议关于国有资产管理情况的年度综合报告和专项报告，加快推进国资联网监督工作。制定关于设立国有自然资源资产管理人大监督评价指标体系的意见，首次听取审议关于国有自然资源资产管理情况的专项报告，推动国务院基本摸清全民所有的11类主要国有自然资源资产家底，实现了企业国有资产、金融企业国有资产、行政事业性国有资产、国有自然资源资产四大类别国有资产管理情况监督全覆盖。这些监督，起到了防止国有自然资源遭受损害、国有资产遭到流失的作用。国务院审计部门首次向全国人大常委会提交国有资产审计情况专项报告。修订常委会关于加强中央预算审查监督的决定、加强经济工作监督的决定，构建预算审查、经济工作监督的长效机制。推动出台和贯彻落实党中央关于加强地方人大对政府债务审查监督的意见，有效防范化解地方政府债务风险。

Since the beginning of the current NPC’s term, the Party Central Committee has entrusted it with new responsibilities and requirements to carry out reform for expanding the focus of budgetary examination and oversight and to conduct oversight of state-owned asset management. Last year, we heard and deliberated a report on the allocation and use of government funds for transportation, carried out research on the management and reform of government subsidies, and advanced the implementation of policies supporting scientific and technological innovation, environmental protection, social security, healthcare, and rural revitalization. In these endeavors, we ensured that fiscal expenditures prioritized the execution of major decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. For the fourth consecutive year, we deliberated the annual comprehensive report and a special report on the management of state-owned assets. We moved faster to advance online oversight of state-owned assets. We formulated guidelines on setting up a system of standards for NPC oversight and evaluation of state-owned natural resource asset management; we heard and deliberated the first-ever special report on state-owned natural resource asset management; and we encouraged the State Council to establish a rough inventory of 11 major categories of such assets that belong to the whole people. We now exercise oversight over the management of all four classes of state-owned assets: assets held by non-financial enterprises, assets held by financial enterprises, assets held by government offices and public institutions, and natural resource assets. Our oversight has had the effect of preventing damage to state-owned natural resources and losses of state-owned assets. For the first time, the audit office of the State Council submitted a special report to the Standing Committee on an audit of state-owned assets. We revised our decisions to strengthen examination and oversight of central budgets and to strengthen oversight over economic work in an effort to establish long-term mechanisms. In order to effectively guard against and mitigate local government debt risks, we pushed for the issuance and implementation of Party Central Committee guidelines for strengthening the examination and oversight of government debt by local people’s congresses.

加强对法律实施情况的监督。坚持依照法定职责、限于法定范围、遵守法定程序，逐条对照法律条文开展执法检查。检查企业破产法、中医药法、畜牧法、固体废物污染环境防治法、公证法、消防法6部法律的实施情况，共有23个检查小组分赴各省（区、市）实地检查，委员长会议组成人员分别带队，常委会委员和专门委员会成员133人次、全国人大代表66人次参加执法检查工作。常委会会议听取审议了6个执法检查报告。在检查固体废物污染环境防治法实施情况时，首次组织全国人大代表开展专题调研，共有13个省（区、市）的240名代表参加。结合联组审议执法检查报告开展专题询问，做好法律实施情况评估，统筹做好执法检查和法律宣传普及，在“学习强国”平台开展固体废物污染环境防治法答题活动，共约3200万人参加，推动法律全面有效贯彻落实。在检查企业破产法实施情况时，充分运用法律评估和大数据分析，与关联法律分析相结合，为更好实施法律、修改法律提供依据。

We intensified oversight of the implementation of the law. In compliance with our statutory duties, acting within our statutory scope of authority, and following statutory procedures, we conducted inspections into the implementation of laws on an article-by-article basis. We inspected the implementation of six laws: the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Law, the Animal Husbandry Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes, the Notarization Law, and the Fire Prevention and Control Law. A total of 23 inspection teams led by members of the Council of Chairpersons were sent to provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government across the country, with attendance of members of the Standing Committee and various special committees reaching 133 and attendance of NPC deputies reaching 66. These inspections resulted in six reports, which have been heard and deliberated by the Standing Committee.

When inspecting the implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes, we organized the first-ever research project for NPC deputies, with participation by 240 deputies from 13 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government. We conducted a special inquiry based on joint group deliberations of the inspection report so as to ensure an accurate evaluation of the Law’s implementation status. Coordinating our inspections with efforts to raise public legal awareness, we launched a quiz about the Law on an online learning platform, attracting approximately 32 million participants and helping to ensure the Law’s full and effective implementation. When inspecting the implementation of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, we made full use of legal assessment tools and big data analysis. Combined with scrutiny of related laws, these methods provided good reference for better implementation and revision of the Law in the future.

加强监察、司法工作监督，维护社会公平正义。开展推进监察监督全覆盖情况专题调研，增强监察监督的有效性。听取审议最高人民法院关于知识产权审判工作情况的报告、关于专利等知识产权案件诉讼程序若干问题决定实施情况的报告，最高人民检察院关于办理控告申诉案件工作情况的报告。听取审议关于“七五”普法决议贯彻落实情况的报告，通过关于开展第八个五年法治宣传教育的决议，为实现《法治社会建设实施纲要（2020－2025年）》提出的到2025年“八五”普法规划实施完成、法治观念深入人心等目标任务提供有力支撑。

We stepped up oversight of supervisory and judicial work to safeguard social fairness and justice. We conducted research on the progress of efforts to extend supervisory oversight over all public employees, with the goal of enhancing the effectiveness of supervisory oversight. We heard and deliberated reports from the Supreme People’s Court on adjudication involving intellectual property rights and on its implementation of the Standing Committee decision on issues regarding litigation procedures for cases involving patents and other intellectual property rights, as well as a report from the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on handling lawsuits and appeals. We also heard and deliberated a report on the implementation of the resolution on the seventh five-year initiative to raise public awareness of the rule of law, and we adopted a resolution to launch the eighth five-year initiative. In doing so, we provided a strong foundation for accomplishing the goals laid out in the Outline for Building a Law-Based Society (2020-2025), including those to complete work on the eighth five-year initiative and to have the people fully embrace the rule of law by 2025.

四、支持和保障代表依法履职，使发挥代表作用成为人民当家作主的重要体现

Fourth, we provided support and safeguards for deputies to carry out their duties in accordance with the law and made sure that the idea of the people as masters of the country was reflected in how our deputies played their roles.

人大代表是国家权力机关的组成人员，代表人民参加行使国家权力，在发展全过程人民民主中发挥着重要作用。常委会遵循和把握代表工作规律，不断提高代表工作水平，密切国家机关同人大代表的联系，密切人大代表同人民群众的联系，发挥代表作为党和国家联系人民群众的桥梁作用。

Deputies to people’s congresses are members of organs of state power, and they participate in the exercise of state power on behalf of the people, thus playing an important role in developing whole-process people’s democracy. Complying with the principles underpinning our work related to deputies, we further improved our performance and enhanced deputies’ ties with state organs and the general public to help them serve as the bridge that links the Party and the country with the people.

提出议案和建议，是代表行使权利、依法履职的重要内容。十三届全国人大四次会议期间代表提出的473件议案，已由相关专门委员会全部审议完毕，其中90件议案涉及的30个立法项目已审议通过或正在审议，176件议案涉及的68个立法项目已列入立法规划或计划。大会期间代表提出的8993件建议，统一交由194家承办单位研究办理并全部办理完毕；闭会期间代表提出的265件建议，交由98家承办单位研究办理并逐一向代表反馈办理情况，推动解决了一批实际问题。代表对建议办理工作表示满意或基本满意的达97.93%。

Submitting proposals and suggestions is an important way for deputies to exercise their rights and perform their duties in accordance with the law. All 473 proposals deputies put forward during the fourth session of the 13th NPC were reviewed by special committees. Among these, 30 legislative projects addressed in 90 proposals were reviewed and adopted or are currently under review, and 68 legislative projects addressed in 176 proposals have been included in our five-year or annual legislative plan. All 8,993 suggestions submitted by deputies during that session were forwarded to 194 organizations for examination and handling, which has now been completed. The 265 suggestions that were raised when the NPC was not in session were handed over to 98 organizations for examination and handling. These organizations have reported back to deputies on how each of their suggestions has been handled. As a result, a number of practical issues have been solved. Approximately 97.93 percent of deputies reported being satisfied or basically satisfied with how their suggestions were handled.

加强与代表的联系，把常委会工作建立在坚实的民意基础之上。常委会组成人员中，有156位直接联系439名基层代表。专门委员会、工作委员会也建立了联系代表的机制。邀请150余人次代表列席常委会会议、参加列席代表座谈会，代表在座谈会上提出的78条意见建议均及时办理并逐一向代表通报。200多人次代表应邀参加常委会立法调研、起草、论证、评估等工作，湿地保护法、体育法等与人民群众利益息息相关的重要法律草案专门征求相关领域代表的意见。300多人次代表参加常委会执法检查、专题调研、计划和预算审查监督、国有资产管理监督、对外交往等工作。

We strengthened our ties with deputies and grounded our work in the will of the people. Among the members of the Standing Committee, 156 maintain direct contact with 439 deputies working at the primary level. NPC special committees and Standing Committee working bodies have also put in place mechanisms for staying in contact with deputies. We sent more than 150 invitations to deputies to attend Standing Committee meetings in a nonvoting capacity and to join follow-up deputy discussions, and we promptly handled all 78 of their opinions and suggestions from the follow-up discussions, offering individualized feedback for each. Deputies were invited to attend various Standing Committee activities, such as legislative research, drafting, debates, and assessments, with total attendance exceeding 200. For drafts of important laws concerning the immediate interests of the general public such as the Wetlands Protection Law and the Physical Culture and Sports Law, we solicited advice from deputies with backgrounds in relevant sectors. There were over 300 instances of deputies participating in the work of the Standing Committee, including inspections into the implementation of laws, research projects, plan and budget examination and oversight, state-owned asset management oversight, and international exchanges.

积极做好代表活动的保障工作。共有1600余人次代表参加集中视察、专题调研活动，形成百余篇调研报告。共473名代表参加国务院及其有关部门组织的督察和座谈，471名代表参加最高人民法院开展的视察调研、旁听庭审和会议座谈等活动，465名代表参加检察机关组织的视察和会议。组织香港全国人大代表通过视频连线方式，视察新疆经济社会发展和民族团结情况。组织澳门全国人大代表赴海南调研自由贸易港建设情况。上海、江苏、浙江、安徽等省市的部分全国人大代表围绕“长江流域禁捕执法监管情况”等开展联合调研和视察。

We worked actively to support deputies in carrying out their activities. Deputy attendance of inspection tours and research projects surpassed 1,600, leading to the compilation of over 100 reports. A total of 473 deputies participated in inspections and discussions organized by the State Council and its departments; 471 attended court trials or participated in meetings, forums, inspections, and research activities organized by the Supreme People’s Court; and 465 took part in inspections and meetings organized by procuratorial bodies. We arranged for Hong Kong deputies to the NPC to remotely inspect economic and social development and ethnic solidarity in Xinjiang via video. We also arranged for NPC deputies from Macao to travel to Hainan province to conduct research on the development of the free trade port there. Some NPC deputies from provinces and municipalities including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui carried out joint field research and inspections on issues such as the enforcement and supervision of the Yangtze River basin fishing ban.

加强代表履职能力建设。组织全国人大代表专题学习党史、新中国史、改革开放史、社会主义发展史，现场或视频收看建党百年庆祝活动，港澳全国人大代表分别前往革命旧址参观学习，开展爱党爱国爱社会主义主题活动。建成全国人大代表工作信息化平台。采取线上线下相结合方式，举办6期专题学习班，共有5824人次代表参加学习。代表在履职活动中，忠实代表人民利益和意志，展现了“人民选我当代表、我当代表为人民”的责任担当，提出的议案、建议装着满满的民意，体现了我国社会主义民主不仅有完整的制度程序，而且有完整的参与实践，是最广泛、最真实、最管用的全过程人民民主。

We helped deputies improve their ability to perform duties. We arranged for NPC deputies to study the history of the CPC, the People’s Republic of China, reform and opening up, and the development of socialism, and we arranged for them to attend celebrations of the Party’s centenary in-person or tune in via video. We also arranged visits to revolutionary sites for deputies from Hong Kong and Macao to strengthen their love for the Party, the country, and socialism. We built an online NPC deputy work platform. We held six online and offline special study sessions with a total deputy attendance of 5,824. In performing their duties, our deputies faithfully represented the interests and will of the people, showed a strong sense of commitment to the people as their elected representatives, and reflected public opinion in their proposals and suggestions. This proved that China’s socialist democracy not only has a complete set of institutions and procedures, but it also has full-fledged civil participation, and it is a whole-process people’s democracy to the broadest extent, of the truest nature, and to the greatest effect possible.

根据党中央统一部署，贯彻落实新修改的选举法，常委会加强对县乡人大换届选举工作的指导，做好选举相关工作。目前，新一轮县乡人大换届选举已基本完成，全国10亿多选民直接选举产生200多万名县乡两级人大代表。

In line with the overall arrangements of the Party Central Committee and in accordance with the newly-revised Electoral Law, we stepped up guidance on elections of people’s congresses at the county and township levels to ensure their success. At present, elections for new people’s congresses at the county and township levels have been largely completed across the country, and over two million deputies have been directly elected by more than one billion voters.

五、紧紧围绕国家总体外交目标任务，推进人大对外工作

Fifth, focusing closely on China’s overall diplomatic objectives and tasks, we advanced the NPC’s international exchanges.

以习近平外交思想为指引，拓展人大对外工作方式，共举行双边视频活动127场，线上出席国际会议75场，进行通话交流21场，开展线下外事活动35场，外交信函往来近800件。

Under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s thinking on diplomacy, we adopted more forms of international exchange. We organized 127 bilateral video events, attended 75 international conferences via video, made 21 diplomatic phone calls, launched 35 offline foreign affairs events, and exchanged nearly 800 diplomatic letters.

落实国家元首外交共识，积极开展高层交往，深化立法机构双边交流。举行中俄议会合作委员会第七次会议，首次举办中俄立法机构地方合作会议，同俄罗斯联邦会议有关委员会、青年议员开展交流，助推新时代中俄关系高水平发展。同63个国家议会进行线上线下交流，通过132个友好小组平台与各国议会互致信函，争取在有关重大问题上支持中方立场，增进政治互信，促进务实合作。就涉疆、涉藏、涉港、涉台、涉海、涉疫和人权等问题阐明中方严正立场，坚决同各种围堵、打压、捣乱、颠覆活动进行斗争，同企图颠覆中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度、企图迟滞甚至阻断中华民族伟大复兴进程的一切势力斗争到底。

To implement diplomatic consensus between heads of state, we actively carried out high-level exchanges and deepened bilateral exchanges between legislatures. We held the seventh meeting of the China-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation Committee and the first cooperation meeting between local-level Chinese and Russian legislative bodies, and we carried out exchanges with relevant committees of the Federal Assembly of Russia and with young Russian parliamentarians. These activities helped to boost high-level development of China-Russia relations in the new era. We held online and offline exchanges with parliaments of 63 countries and exchanged letters with foreign parliaments through 132 friendship groups in the hope of winning support for China’s stances on certain major issues, enhancing political trust, and promoting practical cooperation. In response to questions related to Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong, Taiwan, territorial waters, Covid-19, and human rights, we made clear China’s position and stood firm against all forms of encirclement, suppression, disruption, and subversion, determined to fight to the end against any attempt to subvert the leadership of the Communist Party of China or our country’s socialist system or to hinder or obstruct China’s advance toward national rejuvenation.

积极参与议会多边活动，推动形成更多体现中国特色、中国方案的多边成果。参加第五次世界议长大会、第四次六国议长会议、第七届二十国集团议长会议、“议员在巩固国际和平与信任中的作用”议会领导人会议、集体安全条约组织议会大会、金砖国家议会论坛、各国议会联盟大会及相关会议、亚太议会论坛、亚洲议会大会、东盟各国间议会大会、中国－阿拉伯国家友好组织领导人线上会晤，面向中亚、非洲国家议会举办3期地区研讨班，巩固发展友好合作关系，主动发出中国声音，推动以人民为中心、人类命运共同体、全球发展倡议、共建“一带一路”、人类卫生健康共同体、团结抗疫、可持续发展等中方重大理念倡议写入会议成果文件，坚定维护我国家利益，维护公平正义的国际秩序。不少国家议会、议长、议员高度评价中方在全球抗疫中的贡献、承诺和行动，支持中方秉承科学精神、团结合作抗疫的立场。

We took an active part in multilateral parliamentary events and worked to produce more multilateral outcomes that reflect Chinese characteristics and approaches. We attended the fifth World Conference of Speakers of Parliament, the fourth Speakers Conference of Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, and Turkey, the seventh G20 Parliamentary Speakers Summit, the parliamentary leaders meeting on the role of parliamentarians in strengthening international peace and trust, the Collective Security Treaty Organization Parliamentary Assembly, the BRICS Parliamentary Forum, the assemblies of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and related meetings, the Asia-Pacific Parliamentary Forum, the Asian Parliamentary Assembly, the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, and an online meeting of leaders of friendship organizations of China and Arab states. We also held three regional seminars for parliaments of Central Asian and African countries, building on and developing our friendship and cooperation with them. On these occasions, we took the initiative to make China’s voice heard and worked toward the inclusion of China’s major ideas and initiatives, such as a people-centered approach, a human community with a shared future, the Global Development Initiative, the joint pursuit of the Belt and Road Initiative, a global health community, solidarity against Covid-19, and sustainable development, in conference outcome documents. We stood firm in protecting China’s national interests and preserving a fair and just international order. Parliaments, parliamentary leaders, and parliamentarians of many countries highly commended China’s contributions, commitments, and actions in the global anti-Covid effort and supported China’s stance of respecting science and working together to fight the pandemic.

加强对外宣介工作。利用双边多边外交舞台，积极宣传习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，深入交流治国理政经验，介绍中国共产党百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验。通过常委会发言人、外事委发言人、法工委发言人等机制正声辟谣，阐释法律问题，进行法律斗争。依托人民代表大会制度实践，生动展示全过程人民民主理念。30多位基层人大代表参与人大外事活动，讲述自己参加行使国家权力、服务人民利益的履职故事，真实立体地呈现中国道路、中国制度、中国成就。

We strengthened our international communications and outreach. At bilateral and multilateral diplomatic events, we actively promoted understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, held in-depth exchanges on governance experience, and shared with the world the Party’s major achievements and historical experience over the past century. Through the spokespeople of the Standing Committee, the NPC Foreign Affairs Committee, and the Standing Committee’s Legislative Affairs Commission, we stood up in legal conflicts by clarifying facts, refuting rumors, and explaining legal issues. Through the work of the people’s congress system, we vividly demonstrated the idea of whole-process people’s democracy. Over 30 NPC deputies from the primary level participated in our foreign affairs activities, sharing their stories of participating in the exercise of state power and serving public interests and presenting an accurate, three-dimensional picture of China’s path, system, and achievements.

六、推进全过程人民民主建设，坚持人大常委会基本定位，加强人大常委会自身建设

Sixth, we advanced whole-process people’s democracy and intensified self-improvement efforts in line with our fundamental identity.

坚持政治坚定、尊崇法治、发扬民主、服务人民、运行高效，提高人大工作质量和水平，把全国人大及其常委会建设成为自觉坚持中国共产党领导的政治机关、保证人民当家作主的国家权力机关、全面担负宪法法律赋予的各项职责的工作机关、始终同人民群众保持密切联系的代表机关。

By maintaining political resolve, respecting the rule of law, promoting democracy, serving the people, and functioning with high efficiency, we worked hard to improve the quality of our work. We worked to build the NPC and its Standing Committee into political institutions that consciously uphold the Party’s leadership, institutions of state power that ensure the running of the country by the people, working institutions that assume functions conferred in the Constitution and the law, and representative institutions that always maintain close ties with the people.

切实加强理论武装。学深悟透做实习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想这一党和国家指导思想，确保人大工作沿着正确的方向前进。发挥常委会党组的政治领导作用，召开17次常委会党组会议，举办常委会党组集体学习、常委会专题讲座，及时传达学习贯彻党的创新理论和党中央重大决策部署。扎实开展党史学习教育，学习贯彻党的十九届六中全会精神，从党的百年奋斗史中汲取智慧和力量。学习贯彻中央人大工作会议精神，列入常委会会议议程进行专题学习，召开深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的重要思想第四次交流会。建立常委会党组定期听取专门委员会分党组党建工作汇报的制度，全面加强专门委员会党的建设。

We enhanced theoretical competence. We thoroughly studied, understood, and put into action Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, which is guiding thought for the Party and the country, to ensure that the work of the NPC moves forward in the right direction. Giving play to the role of the leading Party members’ group of the Standing Committee in providing political leadership, we organized 17 group meetings, held group study sessions, and hosted Standing Committee lectures, promptly communicating, studying, and implementing the Party’s new theories and the Party Central Committee’s major decisions and plans. We carried out activities to study the history of the CPC and studied and implemented the guiding principles from the sixth plenary session of the 19th Party Central Committee, drawing wisdom and strength from the Party’s past century of history. We studied and implemented the guiding principles from the Central People’s Congress Work Conference, putting a special study session on the Standing Committee meeting agenda, and we held the fourth seminar on studying and applying General Secretary Xi Jinping’s key ideas on upholding and improving the people’s congress system. To fully strengthen Party organizations in special committees, we put in place a system under which the leading Party members’ group of the Standing Committee regularly hears briefings on Party building from the branch groups in special committees.

把全过程人民民主贯彻落实到人大立法、监督、代表等工作各方面各环节全过程。完善人大的民主民意表达平台和载体，健全吸纳民意、汇集民智的工作机制，推进人大协商、立法协商，把各方面社情民意统一于最广大人民根本利益之中。建立22个基层立法联系点，其中增设12个，覆盖全国三分之二省份，带动省、市两级人大常委会建立立法联系点4700余个。增加法律草案征求意见系统和法规审查建议受理平台链接。34件法律草案通过中国人大网公开征求意见，共收到108221人次提出的475245条意见。各地共有22万多个代表之家、代表联络站等履职平台，成为全国人大代表就近参加履职活动的有效途径。完善人大信访工作机制，用好各级信访平台和数据，信访总量105956件次，其中网上信访平台受理12207件次。

We advanced whole-process people’s democracy in every aspect and throughout the entire process of our legislative, oversight, and deputy-related work.We improved the NPC’s democratic platforms and vehicles through which the general public can express opinions, refined working mechanisms for soliciting public comments and collecting ideas from the people, and advanced consultation through people’s congresses and on legislative issues, in an effort to protect the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people by taking into account all aspects of social conditions and public sentiment. We have established 22 local legislative outreach offices (adding 12 last year), which now cover two thirds of China’s provinces. This has inspired standing committees of provincial and municipal people’s congresses to establish more than 4,700 legislative outreach offices of their own. On the NPC website, we added links to the system for soliciting public comments on draft laws and to the platform for receiving and processing recommendations for regulation review. Public comments were solicited through the NPC website on 34 draft laws, and we received 475,245 opinions from 108,221 visits. There are a total of over 220,000 liaison and outreach offices for deputies to people’s congresses around the country. These serve as an effective channel for NPC deputies to perform their duties close to home. We improved the NPC’s mechanisms for handling letters and visits from the public by making better use of relevant platforms and data at various levels. We received a total of 105,956 letters and visits, including 12,207 through the online platform.

健全常委会运行制度和工作机制。完善人大主导立法工作的程序和机制，常委会审议的68件法律草案、决定草案中，由相关专门委员会、工作委员会牵头起草的有34件，占总数的一半。由其他部门或单位负责起草的法律草案，人大提前介入，做好组织协调，发挥审议把关作用。出台关于加强立法调研工作、改进法律草案征求部门和地方意见工作等实施意见。制定常委会执法检查工作办法，引入法律评估、大数据分析、关联法律分析方法，规范执法检查工作流程。出台关于完善听取审议专项工作报告前期工作流程、加强专门委员会调研成果转化的研究意见。完善代表议案、建议办理机制，强化综合分析和跟踪督办。健全代表学习培训制度。专门委员会、工作委员会根据新修改的全国人大议事规则，完善委员会议事程序、工作规则。适应数字时代对人大工作的新要求，开通国家法律法规数据库及微信小程序，建设好运用好“全国人大日历”数据库，提升大会网络视频会议、“云听会”质量。共召开7次常委会会议，审议各类议案、报告189件次，会议出席率超过95%。召开25次委员长会议，每逢单月增加一次委员长会议，专门研究讨论拟提请常委会会议表决通过的法律草案。

We improved our operational systems and working mechanisms. We improved the procedures and mechanisms for legislative work led by the NPC. Among the 68 draft laws and decisions deliberated by the Standing Committee, drafting work on half was led by relevant special committees and working bodies. With regard to draft laws that were prepared by other departments or organizations, the NPC was involved in the early stages of their formulation and provided effective organization and coordination, as well as quality assurance support through its deliberations. We introduced guidelines on issues such as strengthening research for legislative work and better soliciting opinions on draft laws from relevant departments and local organizations. We formulated measures for Standing Committee inspections of implementation of the law, adopting new methods of legal assessment, big data analysis, and analysis of relevant laws and standardizing the inspection process. We issued guidelines on improving the preliminary work process for hearing and deliberating work reports on specific issues and on better applying special committees’ research results. We improved the mechanisms for handling deputies’ proposals and suggestions by strengthening comprehensive analysis and follow-up supervision. We refined the study and training system for NPC deputies. In line with the newly revised NPC Rules of Procedure, special committees and working bodies improved their deliberation procedures and working rules. Adapting to the digital era’s new requirements for NPC work, we launched a national database of laws and regulations and a mini-program on WeChat, made better use of the NPC Calendar database, and enhanced the quality of video conferences and the online audience experience at the NPC’s fourth session. The Standing Committee held seven meetings, where we carried out 189 deliberations of proposals and reports. Our meeting attendance rate exceeded 95 percent. The Council of Chairpersons held a total of 25 meetings last year, as an additional meeting was held in each odd-numbered month to discuss draft laws to be submitted to Standing Committee meetings for votes.

全面推进全国人大机关党的建设和各项工作。健全机关党的建设各项制度机制，支持机关党组、各专门委员会分党组充分发挥作用，强化政治机关意识，学党史、悟思想、办实事、开新局。持之以恒加强作风建设、纪律建设，严格落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，力戒形式主义、官僚主义，机关服务和保障常委会履职的质量和水平进一步提高。坚定不移推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，推动中央巡视整改落地见效。

The bodies that make up the NPC made advances across the board in Party building and all other work. We improved systems and mechanisms for Party building in the NPC bodies; supported their leading Party members’ group and its branch groups in special committees in fully playing their roles; made sure they understood their functions as political bodies; and pushed them to open up new vistas by studying CPC history, understanding Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and doing practical work. In our persistent efforts to improve conduct and strengthen discipline, we strictly implemented the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving conduct along with the detailed rules for its implementation, and we guarded against pointless formalities and bureaucratism. As a result, the NPC bodies became better at serving and supporting us in the performance of our duties. We unswervingly advanced our efforts to improve Party conduct, maintain integrity, and fight corruption, and we worked to see that measures were implemented to rectify problems discovered by the central discipline inspection team.

认真做好人大新闻宣传和理论研究工作。委员长会议组成人员牵头，组织开展人大制度理论和人大工作专题调研，形成了60多篇研究成果，为党中央召开人大工作会议、出台重要文件做好服务保障。举行第27次全国地方立法工作座谈会，深入总结交流人大立法理论和实践。召开长江保护法、生物安全法、乡村振兴促进法、家庭教育促进法实施座谈会，推动新出台法律的宣传普及、全面实施。发挥中国人大制度理论研究会作用。办好大会“代表通道”、“部长通道”、“中华环保世纪行”等集中采访活动。创新人大宣传工作方式方法，推进“刊做深、网做大、微信做活、微博做精”，深化“刊网微端”融合发展，升级上线中国人大网英文版，讲好中国故事、人民当家作主的故事。建设好全国人大网络学院，上线各类课程7110门、涉及620个专题，现有参学人员7297名，包括2539名全国人大代表、3091名地方人大负责同志，总点播量约215万次。

We earnestly carried out our work on media, public communications, and theoretical research. Led by members of the Council of Chairpersons, research projects were carried out on the theory of the people’s congress system and the work of people’s congresses. These efforts produced over 60 documents, which were of service to the Party Central Committee in its convocation of the Central People’s Congress Work Conference and its issuance of important documents. We held the 27th National Forum on Local Legislation, at which in-depth exchanges were conducted on legislative theories and practices of people’s congresses. In order to raise public awareness and ensure the full implementation of newly introduced laws, we held symposiums on the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Biosecurity Law, the Rural Revitalization Promotion Law, and the Family Education Promotion Law. We gave full play to the role of the China Institute of Theory on the People’s Congress System. We organized the Deputies’ Brief and Ministers’ Brief press briefings in the Great Hall of the People during the annual NPC session and invited journalists to cover the Environmental Protection in China: Trip of the Century event. We adopted new ways to carry out public communication work. We achieved progress in making our publications more thought-provoking, our website more influential, our public WeChat account more lively, and our public Weibo account higher quality; we deepened the integration of these media channels and platforms; and we upgraded the English website of the NPC, all in order to better share the story of China and the story of the people as masters of the country. We took effective measures to further develop the NPC’s online school. It now offers 7,110 courses covering 620 subjects and has 7,297 students, including 2,539 NPC deputies and 3,091 leading officials of local people’s congresses. Its courses have received approximately 2.15 million views.

一年来，常委会工作最大的启示，归结到一点，就是始终坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护以习近平同志为核心的党中央权威和集中统一领导，把坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一起来，充分发挥人民代表大会制度作为党领导国家政权机关的重要制度载体作用、作为实现我国全过程人民民主的重要制度载体作用，确保人民代表大会制度按照党中央指明的方向发展，确保人大工作沿着党中央确定的道路前进。

The most important conclusion from our work over the past year can be summarized as follows: guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we must resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and resolutely uphold the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core; we must ensure unity between leadership by the Party, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance; we must fully leverage the role of the people’s congress system as an important institutional vehicle for the Party’s leadership over organs of state power and for the attainment of whole-process people’s democracy in China; and we must ensure that the system of people’s congresses develops in the direction set by the Party Central Committee and that the work of people’s congresses moves forward along the path charted by the Party Central Committee.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

过去一年取得的成绩，是在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国人大代表、常委会组成人员、专门委员会成员以及全国人大机关工作人员辛勤工作的结果，是国务院、国家监察委员会、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院密切配合的结果，是地方各级人大及其常委会大力支持的结果，是全国各族人民积极参与、充分信任的结果。在此，我代表全国人大常委会表示衷心感谢！

Our achievements over the past year were made under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. They are the result of the diligent work of the NPC deputies, the members of the NPC Standing Committee and special committees, and the staff of the NPC bodies. They are the result of close cooperation from the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. They are the result of the strong support of local people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees. And they are the result of the active participation and full trust of the entire Chinese people. On behalf of the Standing Committee, I would like to express our sincere gratitude.

我们也深刻认识到，在工作中还有差距和不足，主要是：立法工作质量和效率需要进一步提升，在立法工作中的主导作用发挥得还不够充分；监督工作的实效性需要进一步提升，监督工作成果转化运用的制度机制还不够完善；服务代表依法履职的工作水平需要进一步提升，办理代表议案、建议过程中与代表的沟通交流还不够深入。常委会高度重视这些问题，将不断加强自身能力建设，改进提升工作质量和水平，切实担负起宪法法律赋予我们的光荣职责。

We are also keenly aware that there are areas in need of improvement in our work. These mainly include the following. The quality and efficiency of legislation need to be further raised, and we need to more fully play our leading role in legislation. Oversight needs to be more effective, and we need to improve the systems and mechanisms for putting discoveries made throughout the oversight process to use. We need to better serve our deputies as they carry out their duties in accordance with the law, and we need to improve our communications with them as we process their proposals and suggestions. The Standing Committee attaches high importance to these problems. We will constantly improve ourselves and the quality of our work so that we can better perform the honorable duties conferred upon us by the Constitution and the law.

今后一年的主要任务

The Year Ahead

2022年，我们党将召开第二十次全国代表大会，这是在进入全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军新征程的重要时刻召开的一次十分重要的会议，是党和国家政治生活中的一件大事。新的一年里，统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，统筹发展和安全，应对各种风险挑战，对人大工作提出了新的任务和要求。全国人大常委会工作的总体要求是：以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神，弘扬伟大建党精神，深刻领会“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚持稳字当头、稳中求进，按照中央人大工作会议部署，不断发展全过程人民民主，推动立法、监督、代表、对外工作高质量发展，加强常委会自身建设，切实提升人大工作质量和水平，为实现第二个百年奋斗目标、全面建设社会主义现代化国家作出新的贡献。

In 2022, the Party will convene its 20th National Congress. This meeting is of great importance, as it will be held at this critical moment of our start on the new journey to build China into a modern socialist nation in all respects and achieve the Second Centenary Goal. It will be an event of enormous political significance for the Party and the country. In the coming year, coordinating the Covid-19 response with economic and social development, balancing development and security imperatives, and responding to various risks and challenges will present the people’s congresses with new tasks and requirements. The general requirements for the work of the NPC Standing Committee are as follows. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we must fully implement the guiding principles from the Party’s 19th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 19th Central Committee and carry forward the great founding spirit of the Party. We must acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and of establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We must be deeply conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. We must stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must uphold Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must ensure unity between leadership by the Party, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance. We must pursue progress while prioritizing stability. In accordance with the plans set out at the Central People’s Congress Work Conference, we will continue developing whole-process people’s democracy and effectively carry out our work related to legislation, oversight, deputies, and international exchanges. We will work harder at improving ourselves and improving the quality of the NPC’s work in order to make new contributions to realizing the Second Centenary Goal and building a modern socialist nation in all respects.

一、深入贯彻党的十九届六中全会精神和中央人大工作会议精神

First, we will thoroughly apply the guiding principles from the sixth plenary session of the 19th Party Central Committee and the Central People’s Congress Work Conference.

深入推进党的十九届六中全会精神的学习宣传贯彻，把庆祝建党百年激发的爱党爱国爱社会主义热情传递下去，把党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验运用体现到人大工作和建设之中。全面贯彻习近平法治思想、习近平总书记关于坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的重要思想，逐项抓好中央人大工作会议重点任务的落实。开展中央人大工作会议精神专题培训。在重大政治原则和大是大非问题上立场坚定，主动谋划涉外斗争的法律武器，运用法治手段开展国际斗争，维护国家安全。聚焦党和国家中心工作，主动担当作为，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，推动加快构建新发展格局，以人大工作的实际成效推动高质量发展，为保持平稳健康的经济环境、国泰民安的社会环境、风清气正的政治环境作出应有贡献。党的二十大召开后，要切实抓好会议精神的学习贯彻落实。

We will move forward with renewed efforts to study, disseminate, and implement the guiding principles from the sixth plenary session of the 19th Party Central Committee, we will nourish the love for our Party, our nation, and socialism that was inspired by the celebration of the Party’s 100th birthday, and we will ensure that the Party’s major achievements and historical experience over the past century are applied and embodied in the NPC’s work and development.We will fully implement Xi Jinping’s thinking on the rule of law and his key ideas on upholding and improving the people’s congress system. We will ensure the completion of every major task set at the Central People’s Congress Work Conference and organize special training programs focused on the guiding principles from that conference. On major political principles and important issues, we must stand firm, prepare legal tools for conflicts in international relations, and be ready to use legal means to stand up for our country in the international arena and safeguard national security. With a focus on the Party and the country’s central work and greater initiative in taking on responsibilities, we will fully and faithfully apply the new philosophy of development, move faster to create a new development pattern, and use the NPC’s achievements to drive high-quality development. Through these efforts, we can play our part in maintaining a steady and healthy economic environment, a peaceful and stable social climate, and a clean and honest political atmosphere. Following the Party’s 20th National Congress, we will diligently study and implement its guiding principles.

二、用系统完备的制度体系保证宪法实施

Second, we will use a complete set of institutions to ensure the implementation of the Constitution.

完善宪法相关法律制度，修改立法法、各级人大常委会监督法、全国人大常委会议事规则、国务院组织法、行政复议法。落实宪法解释程序机制，回应涉及宪法有关问题的关切。加强对宪法实施的监督检查，拓宽宪法监督渠道，健全合宪性审查制度，提高备案审查工作质量，维护国家法治统一。健全中央依照宪法和特别行政区基本法对特别行政区行使全面管治权的制度，落实特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，完善特别行政区选举制度。总结现行宪法实施40年来的重大成就和宝贵经验，开展宪法法律宣传教育，阐释好中国宪法理论。

Second, we will use a complete set of institutions to ensure the implementation of the Constitution. We will improve the laws and regulations pertaining to the Constitution. We will revise the Legislation Law, the Law on the Oversight by the Standing Committees of People’s Congresses at All Levels, the Rules of Procedure of the NPC Standing Committee, the State Council Organic Law, and the Administrative Reconsideration Law. We will see that the procedures and mechanisms for interpreting the Constitution are well implemented and that concerns about constitutional issues are attended to. We will enhance oversight and inspections of the implementation of the Constitution, expand channels for constitutional oversight, and refine the constitutionality review system. We will improve the quality of our recording and review work and preserve the uniformity of China’s legal system. We will improve the system in which the central government exercises overall jurisdiction over the special administrative regions in accordance with the Constitution and their basic laws, ensure the implementation of the legal systems and enforcement mechanisms that safeguard national security in the special administrative regions, and refine the electoral system for the HKSAR. We will conduct a review of the major achievements and valuable experience we have gained over the four decades since the current constitution took effect in 1982. We will promote public awareness and education about China’s Constitution and laws and do a good job of explaining Chinese constitutional theory.

三、增强立法工作系统性、整体性、协同性

Third, we will make our legislative work more systematic, integrated, and coordinated.

根据年度立法工作计划，预安排审议40件法律案。健全社会主义市场经济法律制度，制定农村集体经济组织法、能源法、期货和衍生品法、关税法等税收法律，修改公司法、企业破产法、反垄断法、铁路法、矿产资源法、畜牧法、农产品质量安全法。加快推进民生、社会、环保领域立法，制定黄河保护法、青藏高原生态保护法、黑土地保护法、社会救助法、学前教育法、民事强制执行法、反电信网络诈骗法，修改体育法、职业教育法、学位条例、妇女权益保障法、慈善法、科学技术普及法、文物保护法、民事诉讼法、治安管理处罚法、野生动物保护法。健全国家安全法治体系，制定突发事件应对管理法、突发公共卫生事件应对法、粮食安全保障法，修改传染病防治法、国境卫生检疫法。充实涉外法律工具箱，推动形成系统完备的涉外法律法规体系。做好我国与外国缔结的条约、协定以及加入国际条约的决定批准工作。把改革发展决策同立法决策更好结合，做好授权决定和改革决定等工作。在条件成熟的立法领域，继续开展法典编纂工作。发挥好人大在立法工作中的主导作用，使法律体系更加科学完备、统一权威。

In our annual legislative plan, we have made preliminary arrangements for the deliberation of 40 pieces of legislation. To improve the legal system supporting the development of the socialist market economy, we will formulate laws on rural collective economic organizations, energy, futures and derivatives, and tariffs and other taxes, and we will revise the Company Law, the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the Anti-Monopoly Law, the Railway Law, the Mineral Resources Law, the Animal Husbandry Law, and the Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law. We will move faster to advance legislation on the people’s wellbeing, social affairs, and environmental protection. We will formulate laws on protection of the Yellow River, ecological conservation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, black soil protection, social assistance, preschool education, civil enforcement, and telecom and online fraud. We will revise the Physical Culture and Sports Law, the Vocational Education Law, the Academic Degrees Regulations, the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests, the Charity Law, the Science and Technology Popularization Law, the Cultural Relics Protection Law, the Civil Procedure Law, the Public Security Administrative Penalties Law, and the Wild Animals Protection Law. We will strengthen the legal framework for national security. We will formulate an emergency response and management law, a public health emergency response law, and a food security law, and we will revise the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law. We will upgrade our legal toolkit and develop a more complete system of laws and regulations relating to foreign affairs. We will do a good job of ratifying treaties and agreements with foreign countries and approving international conventions. We will better align decision making for reforms and development with legislative decision making and effectively carry out work with regard to authorization and reform decisions. We will continue to formulate codes in mature areas of legislation. We will give full play to the leading role of the NPC in legislative work and make China’s legal system better designed and more complete, unified, and authoritative.

四、认真做好法律监督和工作监督

Fourth, we will earnestly conduct oversight of the implementation of the law and of work performance.

根据年度监督工作计划，预安排32个监督项目。围绕推动高质量发展，听取审议关于计划执行、巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接、数字经济发展、金融工作等情况的报告，检查乡村振兴促进法、科学技术普及法、外商投资法实施情况。围绕推动小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接、推进高标准农田建设、地方政府专项债务管理与改革等情况进行专题调研。做好预算决算审查监督、国有资产管理监督，听取审议关于中央决算、审计工作、预算执行、审计查出问题整改、财政社保资金分配和使用等情况的报告，结合听取审议关于国有资产管理情况的综合报告开展专题询问，对完善有利于调节收入分配的个人所得税制度进行专题调研。围绕保障和改善民生，听取审议关于就业工作、儿童健康促进工作、义务教育阶段学生全面健康发展、老龄工作等情况的报告，就铸牢中华民族共同体意识、实施应对人口老龄化国家战略进行专题调研。围绕生态文明建设，听取审议关于环境状况和环保目标完成情况、研究处理固体废物污染环境防治法执法检查报告及审议意见情况的报告，检查环境保护法、长江保护法实施情况，并结合审议环境保护法执法检查报告开展专题询问。加强对执法、监察、司法工作的监督，听取审议关于非法入境、非法居留、非法就业外国人治理情况的报告，围绕监察机关推进监察工作规范化法治化正规化建设情况进行专题调研，听取审议最高人民法院关于涉外审判工作情况的报告、最高人民检察院关于开展未成年人检察工作情况的报告。健全监督工作机制和方式方法，紧盯突出问题，强化跟踪问效，提高监督的科学性、精准性，增强监督刚性和实效。

In our annual oversight work plan, we have prepared 32 oversight programs. In order to promote high-quality development, we will hear and deliberate reports on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development, on the alignment of efforts to consolidate and expand achievements in poverty alleviation with efforts to promote rural revitalization, on the development of the digital economy, and on financial work. We will also inspect the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Promotion Law, the Science and Technology Popularization Law, and the Foreign Investment Law. We will carry out research projects on the efforts to encourage small rural households to become involved in modern agriculture, to develop high-quality farmland, and to manage and reform special local government debt. We will conduct budget and final account reviews and oversight and state-owned asset management oversight. We will hear and deliberate the State Council’s reports on central final accounts, auditing work, and budget execution, on the rectification of problems discovered through auditing, and on the allocation and use of government funds for social security. We will conduct a special inquiry based on our hearing and examination of a comprehensive report on the management of state-owned assets. We will carry out research into improving the individual income tax system to help regulate income distribution. In an effort to ensure and improve living standards, we will hear and deliberate reports on employment, child health work, the well-rounded, healthy growth of students in compulsory education, and work related to our senior citizens. We will carry out research projects on the effort to foster a strong sense of community among the Chinese people and the implementation of the national strategy for addressing population aging. With a focus on ecological conservation, we will hear and examine the State Council’s report on the state of the environment in 2021, progress on environmental protection targets for the year, and its handling of our inspection report and relevant recommendations on the implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes. We will carry out inspections of the implementation of the Environmental Protection Law and the Yangtze River Protection Law and conduct a special inquiry based on our deliberation of the inspection report on the former. We will enhance oversight of law enforcement, supervisory, and judicial work. We will hear and deliberate a report on addressing illegal entry, residence, and employment of foreign nationals in China, conduct research on the efforts of supervisory bodies to make their work more procedure- and law-based and standardized, and hear and deliberate the Supreme People’s Court report on foreign-related adjudication and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate report on procuratorial work relating to minors. We will improve the mechanisms and methods for conducting oversight, step up follow-up supervision to ensure genuine resolution of prominent issues, and make our oversight better conceived and more targeted, binding, and effective.

五、充分发挥人大代表作用

Fifth, we will give full play to the role of NPC deputies.

扎实做好十四届全国人大代表选举有关工作，把好代表“入口关”，加强选举全过程监督，确保选举过程风清气正、选举结果人民满意。加强代表工作能力建设，深入落实关于加强和改进全国人大代表工作的具体措施，紧紧依靠代表做好人大工作。统筹承办单位高质量、高效率办好代表议案建议，推动建立代表建议答复承诺解决事项台账，完善代表建议重点督办机制。深化代表对常委会、专门委员会、工作委员会工作的参与，推动“一府一委两院”加强和改进联系代表工作。丰富代表联系人民群众的内容和形式，建立健全代表反映群众意见和要求的处理反馈机制。提高代表培训工作系统化、规范化、专业化水平，办好4期县级人大常委会主任学习班。推进全国人大代表工作信息化平台建设和应用，使之成为代表学习平台、履职工作平台、联系群众服务支撑平台。加强代表履职管理监督，推进代表履职档案规范化建设。

We will take solid steps to organize the election of deputies to the 14th NPC, maintaining strict standards for deputies and tightening oversight of the entire election process, in order to ensure that the process is fair, open, and accessible and that the results earn the approval of our people. We will enhance our ability to carry out work related to deputies, fully implement the specific measures for strengthening and improving our deputy-related work, and closely rely on deputies to carry out the NPC’s work. We will arrange for relevant organizations to handle deputies’ proposals and suggestions effectively and efficiently, work toward the establishment of a detailed record of commitments to resolve issues raised in deputies’ suggestions, and improve the mechanism for overseeing the handling of key suggestions. We will deepen deputies’ participation in the work of the Standing Committee, special committees, and working bodies and encourage the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate to enhance and improve their engagement with NPC deputies. We will make sure our deputies reach out to the public on a greater variety of issues and in more diversified ways, and we will develop sound mechanisms for handling and giving feedback on public opinions and suggestions as passed along by deputies. We will provide deputies with more systematic, standardized, and professional training programs and organize four study sessions for chairpersons of county-level people’s congress standing committees. We will advance the development and use of an online platform enabling NPC deputies to access study resources, perform their duties, and foster close ties with members of the general public. We will strengthen management and oversight of deputies’ performance of duties and make further progress in standardizing records on their performance.

六、认真做好人大对外工作

Sixth, we will effectively carry out international exchanges.

以推动落实习近平主席重大外交行动成果为首要任务，加强与外国议会和国际及地区议会组织的交流，推进与重点国家和地区大国议会的合作，巩固和深化多层次、多渠道对外交往。促进对外工作与外宣工作深度融合，增强人大对外工作针对性、实效性。丰富和完善涉外法律斗争的内容和形式，充分发挥发言人机制作用。

Giving top priority to implementing the major diplomatic outcomes achieved by President Xi Jinping, we will step up exchanges with parliaments of other countries and international and regional parliamentary organizations, advance cooperation with the parliaments of key nations and major countries from various regions, and consolidate and deepen our foreign exchanges at multiple levels and through multiple channels. We will promote greater integration of the NPC’s diplomatic work with its communications with the international community and make our foreign relations work more targeted and effective. We will open up new fronts and adopt new methods in legal conflicts in international relations and make full use of NPC spokespeople.

七、按照“四个机关”要求加强常委会自身建设

Seventh, we will strengthen our self-improvement efforts in line with the requirement to uphold the four-fold role of the Standing Committee. *

认真执行党的领导各项制度，进一步加强人大常委会“四个机关”建设。坚持全面从严治党，切实加强机关政治建设、思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、纪律建设和制度建设。加强人民代表大会制度理论研究和人大舆论宣传工作。做好群众来信来访工作。加强机关数字化、信息化、智能化建设。加强与地方人大的联系，提升人大工作整体实效。

We will earnestly implement the systems of the Party’s leadership and take further steps to better uphold our four-fold role. We will remain committed to exercising full and rigorous governance of Party organizations and make genuine efforts to see the NPC bodies’ political integrity enhanced, their theoretical competence strengthened, their organization consolidated, their conduct improved, their discipline reinforced, and their institutions strengthened. We will step up theoretical research on the people’s congress system and improve the NPC’s public communications and information work. We will do a good job of handling letters and visits from the public. We will promote the application of digital, smart, and information technologies in the NPC bodies. We will strengthen our ties with local people’s congresses and enhance the overall effectiveness of the work of people’s congresses.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

在新的奋斗征程上，我们要更加紧密团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，正确行使立法权、监督权、决定权、任免权，团结奋斗、笃行不怠，为夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利作出新的贡献，以实际行动迎接党的二十大胜利召开！

On the new journey ahead, we must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and be deeply conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. We must stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must uphold Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must properly exercise our powers of legislation, oversight, decision-making, and appointment and removal of officials and march forward together with determination and perseverance. And we must strive to contribute to the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and set the stage for the Party’s 20th National Congress with concrete action.

Note:

* The “four-fold role” refers to the fundamental identity of the people’s congresses and their standing committees as political institutions that consciously uphold the CPC’s leadership, institutions of state power that ensure the running of the country by the people, working institutions that assume functions conferred in the Constitution and the law, and representative institutions that always maintain close ties with the people.

（编辑：张晶晶）