维护《不扩散核武器条约》，促进世界和平与发展

Upholding the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons for World Peace and Development

——中国代表团团长、外交部军控司司长傅聪在《不扩散核武器条约》第十次审议大会一般性辩论中的发言

– Remarks by H.E. Ambassador Fu Cong, Head of the Chinese Delegation and Director-General of the Department of Arms Control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, at the 10th Review Conference of the Parties to the NPT

（来源：英文巴士）

（2022年8月2日）

尊敬的主席先生，

Your Excellency President,

我谨代表中国代表团祝贺你当选本次审议大会主席，也对新当选的三个主要委员会的主席表示祝贺。中方将全力支持你们的工作。

Let me extend, on behalf of the Chinese Delegation, my congratulations on your election to the presidency of the Conference. Let me also extend my congratulations to the newly-elected Chairs of the three Main Committees. I assure you my delegation’s full support to your work.

50多年来，《不扩散核武器条约》经受住了国际风云变幻的考验，成为国际核裁军与核不扩散体系的基石、战后国际安全体系的重要组成部分。当前，世界百年变局和世纪疫情交织叠加，冷战思维阴魂不散，以军事同盟为标志的旧安全观回潮。在所谓“大国战略竞争”执念驱动下，全球战略安全环境不断恶化，军备竞赛与军事冲突风险加剧，以《不扩散核武器条约》为代表的国际防扩散体系受到严重冲击，甚至面临冷战结束以来最严峻的新挑战。

Having withstood the vicissitudes of the international landscape over the last 50-plus years, the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) has become the cornerstone of the international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime and a vital component of the post-war international security system. Today, we live in a world where profound changes and the COVID-19 pandemic, both unseen in a century, are intertwined. The specter of Cold War mentality is there to stay, and the outdated approach to security based on military alliances has resurfaced. Driven by the obsession with so-called major-power strategic competition, the global strategic security environment continues to deteriorate, and risks of arms race and conflicts are growing. As a result, the international non-proliferation regime represented by the NPT is significantly strained and even faces new and the most severe challenges since the end of the Cold War.

我们应以本次大会为契机，切实维护条约的权威性和有效性，平衡推进核裁军、核不扩散与和平利用核能三大支柱，推动条约在服务和平与发展方面焕发新的生机。为此，中方提出以下三点主张：

It is incumbent on all of us to take this Review Conference as an opportunity to uphold the authority and effectiveness of the NPT, promote the three pillars of nuclear disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation and peaceful uses of nuclear energy in a balanced manner, in a bid to breathe new life into the NPT in promoting world peace and development. To this end, China proposes the following:

第一，坚持共同安全理念，推进国际核裁军事业。中国坚定走和平发展道路，始终坚持自卫防御的核战略，在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器。中国在坚决维护国家主权、安全和领土完整的同时，坚持把自身核力量维持在国家安全需要的最低水平，不与其他国家比投入、比数量、比规模,不与任何国家搞核军备竞赛。中国的核政策具有高度的稳定性、连续性和可预见性，是对国际核裁军事业的重要贡献。

First, we need to uphold the concept of common security in advancing international nuclear disarmament. China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and a nuclear strategy of self-defense, and undertakes not to be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances. While firmly safeguarding its national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, China always keeps its nuclear capability at the minimum level required for safeguarding national security. We never compete with any country on the input, quantity or scale of its nuclear capability, nor do we participate in any form of nuclear arms race with any other country. With a high level of stability, consistency and predictability, China’s nuclear policy in itself is an important contribution to the international nuclear disarmament endeavor.

核裁军应该遵循“维护全球战略稳定”和“各国安全不受减损”原则。拥有最大核武库的国家应该履行特殊、优先责任，以可核查、不可逆和具有法律约束力的方式，进一步大幅、实质削减核武库。这将为其他核武器国家加入核裁军进程创造条件。

The principles of “maintaining global strategic stability” and “undiminished security for all” should be followed in the practices of nuclear disarmament. The countries with the largest nuclear arsenals should further conduct significant and substantive reduction in their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable, irreversible and legally binding manner. This will create conditions for other nuclear-weapon States to join the nuclear disarmament process.

核武器国家应合作减少核风险。今年1月3日，中国、俄罗斯、美国、英国、法国五国领导人发表联合声明，强调“核战争打不赢也打不得”，重申不将核武器瞄准彼此或其他任何国家。这一历史性声明有助于增进大国互信，防止核战争，避免军备竞赛。在此基础上，核武器国家应进一步就战略稳定问题加强沟通，围绕降低核武器在国家安全政策中的作用，以及反导、外空、网络、人工智能等广泛议题进行深入对话。核武器国家也应与无核武器国家加强对话，增进相互理解和支持。

Nuclear-weapon States need to work together to reduce nuclear risks. On January 3rd this year, the leaders of China, Russia, the United States, the United Kingdom and France issued a Joint Statement, stressing that a nuclear war cannot be won and must not be fought, and reaffirming that none of their nuclear weapons are targeted at each other or at any other State. This historic statement is helpful in enhancing mutual trust among major countries, preventing nuclear wars, and avoiding an arms race. On that basis, the five nuclear-weapon States need to further strengthen communication on strategic stability, and conduct in-depth dialogue on reducing the role of nuclear weapons in their national security doctrines and on a broad range of issues, including missile defense, outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence. Nuclear-weapon States should also strengthen dialogue with non-nuclear-weapon States to enhance mutual understanding and support.

第二，坚持政治解决方向，应对核不扩散挑战。各方要坚持通过外交谈判推动伊朗核问题全面协议早日重返正轨，摒弃制裁施压和武力威胁的消极举动。美国应彻底解除对伊相关非法制裁及对第三方的“长臂管辖”，伊朗则在此基础上恢复履行核领域的承诺。

Second, we need to adhere to the direction of political settlement in addressing the challenges of nuclear-proliferation. All parties concerned should stay committed to bringing the JCPOA back on track at an early date through diplomatic negotiations, and reject the practices of pressuring with sanctions and threat of force. The U.S. should completely lift its relevant illegal sanctions on Iran and long-arm jurisdiction measures on third parties. On that basis, Iran should return to full compliance with its nuclear commitments.

国际社会应坚决反对在防扩散领域搞“双重标准”。美国、英国、澳大利亚开展核潜艇合作，构成严重核扩散风险，违反《不扩散核武器条约》的目的和宗旨。条约审议大会应深入讨论其各方面影响，包括其对国际原子能机构保障监督体系的挑战，坚定维护国际核不扩散体系。

The international community should reject double standards in the area of non-proliferation. The nuclear-powered submarine cooperation among the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia poses severe nuclear proliferation risks, in contravention of the object and purpose of the NPT. The review conference should conduct in-depth discussions on its implications in all aspects, including its challenges to the IAEA safeguards system, in order to firmly uphold the international non-proliferation regime.

朝鲜半岛安全形势依然复杂严峻。要坚持按照“双轨并进”思路和“分阶段、同步走”原则，推进朝鲜半岛建立和平机制及实现半岛无核化进程。

The security situation on the Korean Peninsula remains complex and severe. We need to follow the dual track approach and the principle of phased and synchronized actions in advancing the process towards the establishment of a peace mechanism and denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula.

“核共享”安排违反《不扩散核武器条约》规定，加剧核扩散与核冲突风险。美国应撤回部署在欧洲的核武器，不在其他地区部署核武器。有关无核武器国家应切实履行条约义务和自身承诺，停止鼓噪“核共享”或其他形式的核威慑安排。任何在亚太地区复制北约“核共享”模式的企图，都将损害该地区的战略平衡与稳定，必将遭到地区国家的坚决反对，以及必要时的严厉反制。

The so-called nuclear sharing arrangements run counter to the provisions of the NPT and increase the risks of nuclear proliferation and nuclear conflicts. The United States should withdraw all its nuclear weapons from Europe and refrain from deploying nuclear weapons in any other region. The relevant non-nuclear-weapon States should earnestly fulfill their NPT obligations and their own commitments, stop instigating nuclear sharing or other forms of nuclear deterrence arrangements. Any attempt to replicate the NATO’s nuclear sharing model in the Asia-Pacific region would undermine regional strategic stability and would be firmly opposed by the countries in the region and, when necessary, face severe countermeasures.

无核武器区建设有助于实现核不扩散目标。国际社会应全力支持建立中东无核武器及其他大规模杀伤性武器区。核武器国家应尽快签批包括中亚无核区在内的所有无核武器区条约相关议定书。中方愿率先签署《东南亚无核武器区条约》议定书。

The establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones is conducive to attaining the goal of nuclear non-proliferation. The international community should make every endeavor to support the establishment of a Middle East Zone Free of Nuclear Weapons and other Weapons of Mass Destruction. Nuclear-weapon States should sign and ratify all the relevant protocols to the nuclear-weapons-free zone treaties as early as possible, including the Central Asia Zone Free of Nuclear Weapons. China is willing to take the lead in signing the Protocol to the Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone.

第三，要坚持共同发展初心，促进和平利用核能。国际社会应该支持国际原子能机构发挥中心作用，加大对发展中国家的资金和技术援助，充分释放核能与核技术应对气候变化、促进绿色发展的潜力，为加快落实2030年可持续发展议程提供助力。各方应以此次审议大会为契机，共同描绘促进和平利用核能国际合作的崭新蓝图。

Third, we need to commit to the fundamental goal of common development and promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. The international community should support the IAEA in playing a central role, increase funding and technological support for developing countries, fully unleash the potential of nuclear energy and nuclear technology in addressing climate change and promoting green development, and contribute to faster implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. All parties should take this Review Conference as an opportunity to jointly map out a new blueprint for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.

防扩散与和平利用必须得到平衡处理。一些国家打着防扩散旗号，以意识形态划线，泛化国家安全概念，滥用多边出口控制机制，甚至妄图打造新的“巴统”。这种做法违背时代潮流，干扰正常国际合作，损害发展中国家正当权益，必须坚决摒弃。

We must take a balanced approach towards non-proliferation and peaceful uses. Some countries seek to create divisions along ideological lines, stretch the concept of national security, abuse multilateral export control regime, and even attempt to create a new version of the Coordinating Committee for Export to Communist Countries, all in the name of non-proliferation. We must resolutely reject such practices, which go against the trend of the times, disrupt normal international cooperation, and harm the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries.

核安全是核能发展和核技术应用的生命线，核能和平利用不能以牺牲自然环境和人类健康为代价。日方应认真回应周边邻国与国际社会对福岛核污染水处置问题的正当关切，同利益攸关方和有关国际机构充分协商，寻找核污染水的妥善处置办法。

Nuclear safety and security is the lifeline of nuclear energy development and nuclear technology application. The peaceful uses of nuclear energy should not come at the expense of the natural environment and human health. Japan should seriously respond to the legitimate concerns of its neighbouring countries and the international community at large regarding the disposal of nuclear-contaminated water from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, fully consult with the stakeholders and the relevant international agencies, in order to find an appropriate solution to dispose of the nuclear-contaminated water.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

人类是不可分割的安全共同体。冷战思维只会破坏全球和平框架，霸权主义和强权政治只会危害世界和平，集团对抗只会加剧21世纪安全挑战。今年4月，习近平主席在博鳌亚洲论坛年会上提出了全球安全倡议，强调应坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，重视各国合理安全关切，秉持安全不可分割原则，构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构。中国愿以此为遵循，与各方携手努力，不断加强《不扩散核武器条约》的普遍性、权威性和有效性，为这个动荡与变革的时代增加更多的稳定性与确定性，为促进世界和平、安全与发展作出新的贡献。

We humanity are living in an indivisible security community. Cold War mentality would only wreck the global peace framework. Hegemonism and power politics would only endanger world peace. And bloc confrontation would only exacerbate security challenges in the 21st-century. This April, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed a Global Security Initiative at the opening ceremony of the Annual Conference of the Boao Forum for Asia. This initiative highlights the necessity to stay committed to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, to giving due regard to the legitimate security concerns of all countries, to upholding the principle of indivisible security and building a balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture. Guided by this initiative, China is ready to join hands with all countries to continuously strengthen the universality, authority and effectiveness of the NPT, to inject stability and certainty into this era of turbulence and transformation, and make new contribution to world peace, stability and prosperity.

最后，我祝愿本次审议大会取得成功。

To conclude, I wish this conference a great success.

谢谢主席先生。

Thank you, Mr. President.

（编辑：杨紫彤）