关于阿富汗问题的中国立场

China’s Position on the Afghan Issue

（来源：英文巴士）

中国和阿富汗山水相连，两国人民的友谊源远流长。当前形势下，中国对阿富汗问题有如下立场：

China and Afghanistan are close neighbors with longstanding friendship between the two peoples. Under the current situation, China’s position on the Afghan issue is as follows:

一、坚持“三个尊重”“三个从不”。中方尊重阿富汗独立、主权和领土完整，尊重阿富汗人民做出的自主选择，尊重阿富汗的宗教信仰和民族习惯。中方从不干涉阿富汗内政，从不在阿富汗谋求私利，从不寻求所谓势力范围。

1. Adhering to the “Three Respects” and “Three Nevers”. China respects the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Afghanistan, respects the independent choices made by the Afghan people, and respects the religious beliefs and national customs of Afghanistan. China never interferes in Afghanistan’s internal affairs, never seeks selfish interests in Afghanistan, and never pursues so-called sphere of influence.

二、支持阿富汗温和稳健施政。中方真诚期待阿富汗构建开放包容的政治架构，奉行温和稳健的内外政策，同各国尤其是邻国友好交往。希望阿富汗临时政府保护包括妇女儿童、少数族裔在内的全体阿富汗人民基本权益，继续朝着符合阿富汗人民利益和国际社会期待的方向做出积极努力。

2. Supporting moderate and prudent governance in Afghanistan. China sincerely hopes that Afghanistan could build an open and inclusive political structure, adopt moderate and prudent domestic and foreign policies, and engage in friendly exchanges with all countries especially neighboring countries. We hope the Afghan Interim Government will protect the basic rights and interests of all Afghan people, including women, children and all ethnic groups, and continue working actively to meet Afghan people’s interests and the international community’s expectations.

三、支持阿富汗和平重建。中方将继续为阿富汗重建发展提供力所能及帮助，与阿富汗规划落实好各项援助承诺，稳步推进经贸投资合作，积极开展医疗、扶贫、农业、防灾减灾等领域合作，帮助阿富汗早日实现自主和可持续发展。中方欢迎阿富汗参与共建“一带一路”，支持阿富汗融入地区经济合作和互联互通，从“陆锁国”变为“陆联国”。

3. Supporting peace and reconstruction of Afghanistan. China will continue to do its best to help Afghanistan with reconstruction and development, make plans with Afghanistan and fulfill its assistance pledges, promote steady progress in economic, trade and investment cooperation, and actively carry out cooperation in such fields as medical care, poverty alleviation, agriculture, and disaster prevention and mitigation, so as to help Afghanistan realize independent and sustainable development at an early date. China welcomes Afghanistan’s participation in Belt and Road cooperation and supports Afghanistan’s integration into regional economic cooperation and connectivity that will transform Afghanistan from a “land-locked country” to a “land-linked country”.

四、支持阿富汗坚决有力打恐。安全是发展的基础和前提。“东伊运”是被联合国安理会列名和中国政府依法认定的恐怖组织，盘踞在阿富汗的“东伊运”势力对中阿两国和地区安全构成严重威胁。中方希望阿富汗切实履行承诺，采取更为有效的措施，更加坚决地打击包括“东伊运”在内的一切恐怖势力，切实保护包括中方在内的各国在阿富汗公民、机构和项目安全。

4. Supporting Afghanistan in countering terrorism resolutely and forcefully. Security is the foundation and prerequisite of development. The East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM) is a terrorist organization listed by the UN Security Council and designated by the Chinese government in accordance with law. The ETIM forces in Afghanistan pose a severe threat to the security of China, Afghanistan and the region. China hopes that Afghanistan will fulfill its commitment in earnest and take more effective measures to crack down on all terrorist forces including the ETIM with greater determination, and earnestly ensure the safety and security of citizens, institutions and projects of China and other countries in Afghanistan.

五、呼吁加强反恐双多边合作。考虑到阿富汗涉恐安全问题突出，国际社会有必要加强双多边反恐安全合作，有针对性向阿富汗提供反恐物资、装备、技术援助，支持阿富汗综合施策，标本兼治，防止阿富汗再次沦为恐怖主义庇护所、滋生地和扩散源。

5. Calling for greater bilateral and multilateral counter-terrorism cooperation. As Afghanistan faces pronounced terrorism-related security issues, it is necessary for the international community to strengthen counter-terrorism security cooperation at both bilateral and multilateral levels and provide Afghanistan with much-needed supplies, equipment and technical assistance. Afghanistan should be supported in taking comprehensive measures to address both the symptoms and root causes of terrorism and prevent the country from again becoming a safe haven, breeding ground and source of terrorism.

六、合作打击踞阿“三股势力”。盘踞在阿富汗的恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义“三股势力”仍然是本地区乃至全球重大安全威胁。中方呼吁国际社会坚定支持阿富汗打击“三股势力”，支持阿富汗采取积极措施，切断恐怖主义融资渠道，打击恐怖分子人员招募、跨境流窜和暴恐音视频传播，遏制极端主义、青年极端化和恐怖主义思想传播，根除潜伏的恐怖分子及其藏身之所。

6. Working together to fight terrorism, separatism and extremism in Afghanistan. Terrorism, separatism and extremism in Afghanistan remain a major security threat to the region and the world. China calls on the international community to firmly support Afghanistan’s fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism and its active measures to cut off the channels of terrorist financing, to counter recruitment and cross-border movement of terrorists and the spread of violent terrorist audio and video materials, to contain extremism, youth radicalization and the spread of terrorist ideologies, and to eliminate sleeper cells and terrorist safe havens.

七、敦促美国切实对阿富汗履约担责。国际社会普遍认为，作为阿富汗问题的始作俑者，美国扣押阿富汗海外资产，对阿富汗实施单边制裁，是阿富汗人道主义状况无法实质改善的最大外部因素。美方应切实从阿富汗变局中汲取教训，正视阿富汗严峻的人道、经济、安全等风险挑战，立即解除对阿富汗制裁，归还阿富汗海外资产，落实好自己承诺的对阿富汗人道援助，确保用于阿富汗民生急需。

7. Urging the US to live up to its commitments and responsibilities to Afghanistan. It is a widely-held view in the international community that, by seizing Afghanistan’s overseas assets and imposing unilateral sanctions, the US, which created the Afghan issue in the first place, is the biggest external factor that hinders substantive improvement in the humanitarian situation in Afghanistan. The US should draw lessons from what happened in Afghanistan, face squarely the grave humanitarian, economic and security risks and challenges in Afghanistan, immediately lift its sanctions, return the Afghan overseas assets, and deliver its pledged humanitarian aid to meet the emergency needs of the Afghan people.

八、反对域外势力干预渗透阿富汗。地区国家普遍认为，过去20多年域外势力对阿富汗进行军事干涉、“民主改造”，给阿富汗带来了巨大损失和痛苦，负面影响在未来很多年都难以消除。从帮助阿富汗实现长治久安出发，有关国家不应再次企图将军事设施部署到阿富汗及其周边地区，不应在反恐问题上搞“双重标准”，不应通过支恐纵恐来实现其地缘政治图谋。

8. Opposing external interference and infiltration in Afghanistan. It is a shared view of regional countries that the military interference and “democratic transformation” by external forces in Afghanistan over the past 20-odd years have inflicted enormous losses and pain on Afghanistan. It will be difficult to eliminate the negative impacts for many years to come. To help Afghanistan achieve sustained peace and stability, relevant countries should not attempt to re-deploy military facilities in Afghanistan and its neighbourhood, practice double standards on counter-terrorism, or advance their geopolitical agenda by supporting or conniving at terrorism.

九、增进涉阿富汗问题国际地区协调。新形势下，阿富汗应成为各方合作的平台，而不是地缘博弈的场所。中方支持任何有利于推动阿富汗问题政治解决的方案和举措，将进一步通过阿富汗邻国外长会、上海合作组织－阿富汗联络组、“莫斯科模式”磋商、中阿巴（基斯坦）三方外长对话、中俄巴伊（朗）四国外长阿富汗问题非正式会议、“中美俄+”磋商以及联合国等机制平台积极开展涉阿多边协调，努力凝聚国际和地区稳阿助阿的共识合力。

9. Strengthening international and regional coordination on the Afghan issue. Under the new circumstances, Afghanistan should be a platform for cooperation among various parties rather than geopolitical games. China supports all plans and measures that are conducive to political settlement of the Afghan issue, and will actively engage in multilateral coordination through such mechanisms and platforms as the Foreign Ministers’ Meeting on the Afghan Issue among the Neighboring Countries of Afghanistan, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)-Afghanistan Contact Group, the Moscow Format Consultations on Afghanistan, the China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Trilateral Foreign Ministers’ Dialogue, the Informal Meeting of China-Russia-Pakistan-Iran Foreign Ministers on Afghanistan, the Troika Plus Meeting and the United Nations, in an effort to build consensus and synergy for stability in and assistance to Afghanistan at regional and international levels.

十、协助解决阿富汗人道和难民问题。中方对阿富汗难民境遇表示关切，将继续通过双多边渠道提供援助。中方支持联合国相关机构就此发挥积极作用，赞赏地区国家为此所做努力，呼吁外界继续向阿富汗提供人道和发展援助，共同帮助阿富汗推进经济重建，为最终解决难民问题积累条件。

10. Facilitating solution to Afghanistan’s humanitarian and refugee issues. China is concerned about the situation of Afghan refugees and will continue to provide assistance through bilateral and multilateral channels. China supports relevant UN agencies in playing a positive role in this regard, applauds the efforts by regional countries, and calls on the international community to provide continuous humanitarian and development assistance to jointly help Afghanistan rebuild its economy and create favorable conditions for the final settlement of the refugee issue.

十一、支持阿富汗禁毒。中方期待并支持阿富汗在打击毒品种植、生产和非法买卖方面采取更多务实举措，愿同国际社会一道，帮助阿富汗发展替代种植，打击跨国毒品犯罪，共同消除本地区毒品来源。

11. Supporting Afghanistan’s fight against narcotics. China looks forward to and supports more concrete actions by Afghanistan to counter narcotics cultivation, production and illicit trafficking, and will work with the international community to help Afghanistan with alternative development and crackdown on cross-border drug-related crimes, so as to eliminate the source of narcotics in the region.

（编辑：何晓玙）